Morphology
Morphology is the study of how words are put together or “shaped” by using morphemes, which include prefixes, roots, and suffixes. Knowing the different morphemes in a word allows one to not only figure out its definition, but also determine whether it’s a noun, verb, or adjective. The words morphology and morpheme both come from the Greek root word morph meaning “shape;” morphology is therefore the study of the “shape” words take, whereas morphemes are those building blocks which “shape” the word.
Morphemes
Morpheme include affixes, which are primarily prefixes and suffixes. Prefixes are those affixes which begin a word, adding meaning to the root to which they are attached. The root is the primary part of a word; it conveys most of the meaning of a word. Suffixes are those affixes which end words; they can add meaning, and usually determine the part of speech of a word, that is, whether the word is a noun, verb, adjective, or adverb.
One morpheme: boy
Two morpheme: boy + ish
Three morpeheme: boy + ish + ness
I have recomendation video for you ~
Whether morfem associated with a lexical if true tried please you explain to me
BalasHapusHi neliaa~
HapusI think yes, bacause Lexical morphemes are those which carry meaning or content, for example: car, boy, red, break, calm. They are usually nouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs.
The grammatical or functional morphemes, on the other hand, can have functions within a sentence, like prepositions and conjunctions (and, or, to); there are also bound functional morphemes, particles that attach to the lexical morphemes and modify them (re-, dis-, -ly, -er, -ed).
The word “recalled”, for instance, has one lexical morpheme (call) and two grammatical ones (re- and -ed).
Thank you wella
HapusWhy we have to learn your materi?
BalasHapusBecause..In simple conventional terms: phonology is the study of sounds, morphology is the study of words, syntax is the study of sentences. All three study the rules that people unconsciously follow when they make sounds, words, and sentences.
HapusMany languages have complex morphology – words that have many morphemes built in to them. And morphology is the rules you have to follow to produce a correct verb, noun, adjective, or pronoun. (Conjunctions, prepositions, adverbs, and others are usually not inflected.) To speak a language correctly, you have to learn its inflectional morphology.
so, what if we unconsciously didn't implement that rules?
HapusYou MUST FOLLOW THE RULES. Because if you don't follow the rules you will experience miscommunication with your interlocutor. why do I say that? because the sentence you say has different meanings . So to overcome this... open the book~ and MORE and MORE to memorize the new vocab and the proper grammar rules.
Hapuscan you give me at least 3 name of expert of morphology ?
BalasHapus1. J. W. M. Verhaar
Hapus2.Rusmaji
3.Kridalaksana
Hi Wella, I wanna ask you a question. How do we know if a word has a suffix, prefix or maybe both? Can you explain it?
BalasHapusWell.. i will explain about that, soo
HapusPrefixes and suffixes are sets of letters that are added to the beginning or end of another word. They are not words in their own right and cannot stand on their own in a sentence: if they are printed on their own they have a hyphen before or after them.
♡example for prefixes:
● word = happy
●prefix = -un
●new word = unhappy
♡example for suffixes:
●word = child
●suffix = -ish
●new word = childish
♤ Word creation with prefixes and suffixes
Some prefixes and suffixes are part of our living language, in that people regularly use them to create new words for modern products, concepts, or situations. For example:
word | prefix or suffix | new word
security | bio- | biosecurity
clutter | de- | declutter
media | multi- | multimedia
email | -er | emailer
Is morphology always used in every sentence? or just a few sentences? and when we have to using morphology in a sentence?
BalasHapusYes, we will using that.. because to make new words and sentence u must use this..
HapusIs it possible if there is no morphology in a sentence?
Hapushmm.. that's not possible
HapusHello wella. Can you give me 5 definition of morphology according to experts?
BalasHapushello jessica, thanks for read my blog :)
Hapusi will answer your question about that..
5 defenition of marphology according to experts is:
1. Understanding morphology according to Verhaar (1996: 97), states that the morphology is the branch of linguistics that identifies the basic units of language as grammatical units.
2.Understanding morphology according Samsuri (1988: 15), defining morphology as a branch of linguistics that studies the structure and forms of words.
3.Definition of morphology according to Ramlan (1978: 2) Morphology is part of the science of language to talk about or to learn the ins and outs of the structure of words as well as the effect of changes in the structure of the class of words and meaning of the word.
4.Definition of morphology by Nida (1974: 1) states that the morphology is a study of morphemes and morpheme preparation for the creation of the word.
5.Morphological definition according to Crystal (1980: 232-233) morphology is the branch of grammar that examines the structure or form of words, mainly through the use of morfem.Definisi Morphological according to Bauer (1983: 33) discusses the internal structure morphology form of the word.
if you want more, clik this link http://srirahayupku.blogspot.com/2016/03/definiton-and-example-morphology-and.html
Wella,is morphology related to phonology, ?
BalasHapusYes.. Phonology studies the sound system of a language. It does it from the mental perspective, that is, it doesn’t study how the sounds are formed but how they are used in the system of that language: what sounds are considered different sounds and what variations of the same sounds, how they can be combined and what kind of changes result in changes in the words’ meaning.
HapusMorphology studies the grammatical forms of a language. It observes how the shape of words change when they are used, that is, what forms they get: do they get suffixes, prefixes, flection, reduplication etc. and how those forms are technically made: is there agglutination, stem changes etc.
Where these two go together is called morpho(pho)nology. It studies how phonology affects the forms chosen and respectively if the forms affect how the sounds are organised. These include such as harmony rules and apocope & syncope.
Hello wella, i wanna ask you.
BalasHapusWhat is the purpose of you studying morphology in lectures in their application for students later?
first Morphology should be taught as a distinct component of a vocabulary improvement program throughout the upper elementary years. And than Morphology should be taught as a cognitive strategy to be learned. In order to break a word down into morphemes, students must complete the following four steps:
Hapus•Recognize that they do not know the word.
•Analyze the word for recognizable morphemes, both in the roots and suffixes.
•Think of a possible meaning based upon the parts of the word.
•Check the meaning of the word against the context of the reading.
•Students also need to understand the use of prefixes, suffixes, and roots, and how words get transformed.
Students who have knowledge of Spanish can use cognates, words that share a common origin.
Why in the morphology that we pay attention to are grammatical reasons while social reasons are not noticed?
BalasHapusHere, in the study of morphology, we exclude the soisal reasons first; which is used or added is merely a grammatical reason. Social reasons are included in sociolinguistic studies.
HapusWhat difference between open class and closed class?
BalasHapusFirst we going to ooen class, ooen class is Content words are words that have meaning. They are words we would look up in a dictionary, such as "lamp," "computer," "drove." New content words are constantly added to the English language; old content words constantly leave the language as they become obsolete. Therefore, we refer to content words as an "open" class.
Hapus》Nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs are content parts of speech.
Teh second is closed class Function words are words that exist to explain or create grammatical or structural relationships into which the content words may fit. Words like "of," "the," "to," they have little meaning on their own. They are much fewer in number and generally do not change as English adds and omits content words. Therefore, we refer to function words as a "closed" class.
》Pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, determiners, qualifiers/intensifiers, and interrogatives are some function parts of speech.
Soo, the difference between open class and closed class is for open class they have content words and closed class is function words. For content words Nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs are content parts of speech. And function words Pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, determiners, qualifiers/intensifiers, and interrogatives are some function parts of speech.
Hello wella please give me 10 examples of derivational used preffix and suffix:)
BalasHapusun+success+ful
Hapusun+doubted+ly
im+possib+ly
dis+loyal+ty
de+activat+ion
un+lik+able
re+place+ment
un+safe+ly
im+measur+able
im+pass+ible
Komentar ini telah dihapus oleh pengarang.
BalasHapusAre there rules for adding prefixes and endings that are allowed or not? Explain and give some example !
BalasHapusYes, jn prefixes have some rules , soooo
HapusLet's start with prefixes.
A prefix is a letter or a group of letters that we add to the beginning of a word. Prefixes change the meanings of words. For example, the prefix un- (or u-n) can mean "not," "remove," or "opposite." Adding un- to the word "happy" gives you the word "unhappy," which means not happy.
U-n and r-e (or re-) are the two most common prefixes in the English language. Re- means "again" or "back," such as in the words "rethink" "redo" and "repay."
What is your goal to explain the morphology to lecture in its application to the students later?
BalasHapusThe goal of morphology to lecture is, first Morphology should be taught as a distinct component of a vocabulary improvement program throughout the upper elementary years. And than Morphology should be taught as a cognitive strategy to be learned. In order to break a word down into morphemes, students must complete the following four steps:
Hapus•Recognize that they do not know the word.
•Analyze the word for recognizable morphemes, both in the roots and suffixes.
•Think of a possible meaning based upon the parts of the word.
•Check the meaning of the word against the context of the reading.
•Students also need to understand the use of prefixes, suffixes, and roots, and how words get transformed.
Students who have knowledge of Spanish can use cognates, words that share a common origin.
Tell why I should read this kind of blog?
BalasHapusIts simpel.. First, you must have some interesting about my blog. I will answer your question if you want to know about morphology😃
HapusAnd what makes me interesting with this blog again please?
Hapusif u want to know how words are put together or “shaped” by using morphemes, which include prefixes, roots, and suffixes. Knowing the different morphemes in a word and etc.
HapusWhat if I don't want to?
HapusWhy u say that? I think if u try and do it that will be nice and better than than u don't know about morphology
Hapus
BalasHapusare there 4 morphemes? what do you think
ahh yeaah, in morpheme they have four morphemes too~
Hapusfor exampel :
de+nation+al+ize
How aboit suffix and affix make a word ?
BalasHapusAffix changes the meaning of a word. An affix may be attached to the beginning or the end of a root or stem word. If an affix is attached to the beginning of a word, it is called a prefix. If an affix is attached to the end of a word, it is called a suffix.
HapusSome root or stem words may have both an affix and a suffix or multiple affixes and suffixes in order to make new words and to change the meaning of the root or stem word.
Affix Examples:
stem word: like
with affix (prefix): unlike
stem word: like
with affix (suffix): likely
Suffixes are a type of affix. Suffixes are “suf” (under/after) “fix”ed (attached) to a root or stem to create a new word with a new meaning.
Suffixes themselves are not words. They must be attached to a root or a stem in order to create new words.
-ly (like)
She was wonderfully
She was striking like wonder
-able (able to)
The part is adaptable.
The part is able to adapt
-ible (able to)
The writing was incomprehensible.
The writing was not able to be comprehended.
-er (noun, someone who)- (not)
His work was unsatisfactory.
His work was not satisfactory
-ful (full of)
The flower is beautiful.
The flower is full of beauty
-less (without)
The old television was worthless.
The old television was without worth
SOURCE: https://writingexplained.org/grammar-dictionary/affix
noob....
BalasHapusGOOD
HapusWho is the first find the morphological theory?
BalasHapusThe history of morphological analysis dates back to the ancient Indian linguist Pāṇini, who formulated the 3,959 rules of Sanskrit morphology in the text Aṣṭādhyāyī by using a constituency grammar. The Greco-Roman grammatical tradition also engaged in morphological analysis. Studies in Arabic morphology, conducted by Marāḥ al-arwāḥ and Aḥmad b. ‘alī Mas‘ūd, date back to at least 1200 CE.
HapusThe linguistic term "morphology" was coined by August Schleicher in 1859.
SOURCE: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphology_(linguistics)#History
Please describe the morhological process of changing an adjective to noun and vice versa.
BalasHapusIn linguistics, conversion, also called zero derivation, is a kind of word formation involving the creation of a word (of a new word class) from an existing word (of a different word class) without any change in form, which is to say, derivation using only zero. For example, the noun green in golf (referring to a putting-green) is derived ultimately from the adjective green.
HapusConversions from adjectives to nouns and vice versa are both very common and unnotable in English; much more remarked upon is the creation of a verb by converting a noun or other word (e.g., the adjective clean becomes the verb to clean).
try to give examples in everyday life
BalasHapusI will give u one exampel prefix:
HapusWhat does it mean to pre-board? Do you get on before you get on?
hello wella, your blog is good for very interesting people.
BalasHapusThank u. If u like my blog u can follow me~
BalasHapusHi wella, good to find your blog because you post about morphology, but can you give me an example for morpheme on a sentence ? Thank youu
BalasHapus